Journal of Powder Materials

[English]
Consolidation of Iron Nanopowder by Nanopowder-Agglomerate Sintering at Elevated Temperature: Jai-Sung Lee, Joon-Chul Yun, Joon-Phil Choi, Geon-Yong Lee; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):1-6.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.001

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The key concept of nanopowder agglomerate sintering (NAS) is to enhance material transport by controlling the powder interface volume of nanopowder agglomerates. Using this concept, we developed a new approach to full density processing for the fabrication of pure iron nanomaterial using Fe nanopowder agglomerates from oxide powders. Full density processing of pure iron nanopowders was introduced in which the powder interface volume is manipulated in order to control the densification process and its corresponding microstructures. The full density sintering behavior of Fe nanopowders optimally size-controlled by wet-milling treatment was discussed in terms of densification process and microstructures.

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Influence of the initial powder characteristic on the densified tungsten microstructure by spark plasma sintering and hot isostatic pressing
Ji Young Kim, Eui Seon Lee, Youn Ji Heo, Young-In Lee, Jongmin Byun, Sung-Tag Oh
Powder Metallurgy.2023; 66(5): 644. CrossRef
Sintering behavior of bimodal iron nanopowder agglomerates
Jun‐ll Song, Geon‐Yong Lee, Eui‐Jin Hong, Carolline S. Lee, Jai‐Sung Lee
Journal of the American Ceramic Society.2019; 102(6): 3791. CrossRef
Fabrication of YAG : Er3+powders for the single crystal growth according to the synthetic temperature and flux concentration
Cheol Woo Park, Suk Hyun Kang, Jae Hwa Park, Hyun Mi Kim, Jae Sang Choi, Hyo Sang Kang, Kwang Bo Shim
Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology.2015; 25(4): 166. CrossRef
Consolidation of Hierarchy-Structured Nanopowder Agglomerates and Its Application to Net-Shaping Nanopowder Materials
Jai-Sung Lee, Joon-Phil Choi, Geon-Yong Lee
Materials.2013; 6(9): 4046. CrossRef

[Korean]
Influence of Particle Size Distribution on Green and Sintered Properties of Fe-Cr-Mo Prealloy Powder: Ki-Bong Kim, Sangsun Yang, Yong-Jin Kim, Yong-Ho Park; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):7-12.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.007

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The effect of particle size distribution on green and sintered properties of Fe-Cr-Mo prealloy powder was investigated in this study. For the study, prealloyed Fe-Cr-Mo powders with different particle sizes were mixed as various ratios and cold compacted at various pressure and sintered at 1250°C for 30 min, 90%N_2+10%H_2 atmosphere in the continuous sintering furnace. The results shows that the powders with large particle size distribution have high compressibility and low ejection force. However the green strength are much less than those with small particle size distribution. Tensile prperties of the sintered specimes with large particles size also have high strength and elongation.

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The Effects of MoS2Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Fe-Cr-Mn-C-V P/M Alloy
Geon-Hong Kim, Hyun Seok Yang, Man-Sik Kong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(4): 294. CrossRef
Investigation on the Sintering Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy Powders Mixed with Al-Si-SiC Composite Powders
Gwang-Joo Jang, Kyung Tae Kim, Sangsun Yang, Yong-Jin Kim, Yong-Ho Park
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(6): 460. CrossRef

[Korean]
The Effect of Mn Addition on Nitrogenation Behavior and Magnetic Properties of Sm-Fe Alloy Powder Produced by Reduction-diffusion Method: Young-Taek Seo, Youn-Kyoung Baek, Jung-Goo Lee, Chul-Jin Choi; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):13-18.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.013

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In the present study, we systematically investigated the effect of Mn addition on nitrogenation behavior and magnetic properties of Sm-Fe powders produced by reduction-diffusion process. Alloy powders with only Sm_2(Fe,Mn)_17 single phase were successfully produced by the reduction-diffusion process. The coercivity of Sm_2(Fe,Mn)_17 powder rapidly increased during nitrogenation and reached the maximum of 637 Oe after 16 hours. After further nitrogenation, it decreased. In contrast, the coercivity of Sm_2Fe_17 powder gradually increased during nitrogenation for 24 hours. The coercivity of Sm_2(Fe,Mn)_17 powder was higher than that of Sm_2Fe_17 powder at the same condition of nitrogenation. It was considered that the Mn addition facilitates the nitrogenation of Sm_2Fe_17 powder and enhances the coercivity.

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Effect of Nb content on Sm2Fe17−xNbx and its nitrides prepared by reduction-diffusion method
Guizhi Yao, Haiming Tian, Cong Zhang, Huan Shi, Shifan Zeng, Sheng Gao, Shuangjiu Feng, Kai Zhu, Xucai Kan, Xiansong Liu
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

[Korean]
Optimization of PEALD-Ru Process using Ru(EtCp)₂: Se-Hun Kwon, Young-Keun Jeong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):19-23.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.019

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Abstract PDF: Ru films were successfully prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) using Ru(EtCp)_2 and NH_3 plasma. To optimize Ru PEALD process, the effect of growth temperature, NH_3 plasma power and NH_3 plasma time on the growth rate and preferred orientation of the deposited film was systemically investigated. At a growth temperature of 270circC and NH_3 plasma power of 100W, the saturated growth rate of 0.038 nm/cycle was obtained on the flat SiO_2/Si substrate when the Ru(EtCp)_2 and NH_3 plasma time was 7 and 10 sec, respectively. When the growth temperature was decreased, however, an increased NH_3 plasma time was required to obtain a saturated growth rate of 0.038 nm/cycle. Also, NH_3 plasma power higher than 40 W was required to obtain a saturated growth rate of 0.038 nm/cycle even at a growth temperature of 270°C. However, (002) preferred orientation of Ru film was only observed at higher plasma power than 100W. Moreover, the saturation condition obtained on the flat SiO_2/Si substrate resulted in poor step coverage of Ru on the trench pattern with an aspect ratio of 8:1, and longer NH_3 plasma time improved the step coverage.

[Korean]
Effect of Carrier Gases on the Microstructure and Properties of Ti Coating Layers Manufactured by Cold Spraying: Myeong-Ju Lee, Hyung-Jun Kim, Ik-Hyun Oh, Kee-Ahn Lee; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):24-32.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.024

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Abstract PDF: The effect of carrier gases (He, N_2) on the properties of Ti coating layers were investigated to manufacture high-density Ti coating layers. Cold spray coating layers manufactured using He gas had denser and more homogenous structures than those using N_2 gas. The He gas coating layers showed porosity value of 0.02% and hardness value of Hv 229.1, indicating more excellent properties than the porosity and hardness of N_2 gas coating layers. Bond strengths were examined, and coating layers manufactured using He recorded a value of 74.3 MPa; those manufactured using N_2 gas had a value of 64.6 MPa. The aforementioned results were associated with the fact that, when coating layers were manufactured using He gas, the powder could be easily deposited because of its high particle impact velocity. When Ti coating layers were manufactured by the cold spray process, He carrier gas was more suitable than N_2 gas for manufacturing excellent coating layers.

[Korean]
Synthesis of Ni-based Metallic Glass Composite Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering: Song Yi Kim, Bo Kyeong Guem, Min Ha Lee, Bum Sung Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):33-36.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.033

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A bulk metallic glass-forming alloy, Ni_59Zr_20Ti_16Si_2Sn_3 metallic glass powders was used for good commercial availability and good formability in supercooled liquid region. In this study, the Ni-based metallic glass was synthesized using by high pressure gas atomized metallic glass powders. In order to create a bulk metallic glass sample, the Ni_59Zr_20Ti_16Si_2Sn_3 metallic glass powders with ball-milled Ni-based amorphous powder with 40%vol brass powder and Cu powder for 20 hours. The composite specimens were prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering for the precursor. The SPS was performed at supercooled liquid region of Ni-based metallic glass. The amorphous structure of the final sample was characterized by SEM, X-ray diffraction and DSC analysis.

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Machinability Evaluation of Hybrid Ti2Ceramic Composites with Conductivity in Micro Electrical Discharge Drilling Operation
Jae-Young Heo, Young-Keun Jeong, Myung-Chang Kang, Ahmed Busnaina
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2013; 20(4): 285. CrossRef

[Korean]
Synthesis of YAG:Ce³⁺ Phosphor Powders by Polymer Solution Route and Alumina Seed Application: Yong-Hyeon Kim, Sang-Jin Lee; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):37-42.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.037

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YAG:Ce3+ phosphor powders were synthesized using a Al_2O_3 seed (average particle size: 5 µm) by the polymer solution route. PVA solution was added to the sol precursors consisting of the seed powder and metal nitrate salts for homogeneous mixing in atomic scale. All dried precursor gels were calcined at 500°C and then heated at 1400°Csim1500°C in N_2/H_2 atmosphere. The final powders were characterized by using XRD, SEM, PSA, PL and PKG test. All synthesized powders were crystallized to YAG phase without intermediate phases of YAM or YAP. The phosphor properties and morphologies of the synthesized powders were strongly dependent on the PVA content. Finally, the synthesized YAG:Ce3+ phosphor powder heated at 1500°C, which is prepared from 12:1 PVA content and has an average particle size of 15 µm, showed similar phosphor properties to a commercial phosphor powder.

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Optimization of LiNiCoMnO2 Cathode Material Synthesis Using Polyvinyl Alcohol Solution Method for Improved Lithium-Ion Batteries
Ha Eun Kang, Tae Min Park, Sung Geun Song, Young Soo Yoon, Sang Jin Lee
Nanomaterials.2024; 14(13): 1096. CrossRef
Optical Properties of Spherical YAG:Ce³⁺ Phosphor Powders Synthesized by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying Method Appling PVA Solution Route and Domestic Aluminium Oxide Seed
Yong-Hyeon Kim, Sang-Jin Lee
journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2023; 30(5): 424. CrossRef
Pulverization and Densification Behavior of YAG Powder Synthesized by PVA Polymer Solution Method
Hyun-Ho Im, Sang-Jin Lee
Korean Journal of Materials Research.2020; 30(11): 573. CrossRef
Effect of PVA Polymerization on Synthesis of YAG:Ce3+Phosphor Powders Prepared by a Solid-liquid Hybrid Route
A-Reum Kim, Sang-Jin Lee
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society.2014; 51(5): 424. CrossRef

[Korean]
Extraction of Vanadium Powder by Metallothermic Reduction: Dong-Won Lee, Sang-Hyun Heo, Jong-Taek Yeom, Jei-Pil Wang; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):43-47.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.043

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The extraction of metallic pure vanadium powder from raw oxide has been tried by Mg-reduction. In first stage, V_2O_5 powders as initial raw material was reduced by hydrogen gas into V_2O_3 phase. V_2O_3 powder was reduced in next stage by magnesium gas at 1,073K for 24 hours. After reduction reaction, the MgO component mixed with reduced vanadium powder were dissolved and removed fully in 10% HCl solution for 5 hours at room temperature. The oxygen content and particle size of finally produced vanadium powders were 0.84 wt% and 1 µm, respectively

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Preparation of tantalum metal powder by magnesium gas reduction of tantalum pentoxide with different initial particle size
Seon-Min Hwang, Su-Jin Park, Jei-Pil Wang, Yong-Ho Park, Dong-Won Lee
International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials.2021; 100: 105620. CrossRef
Metallic Niobium Powder Reduced by Atmospheric Magnesium Gas with Niobium Pentoxide Powder
Su-Jin Park, Seon-Min Hwang, Jei-pil Wang, Young-Guk Son, Dong-Won Lee
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS.2021; 62(1): 34. CrossRef
Fabrication of Metallic Tantalum Powder by Magnesium-gas Reduction of Tantalum Oxide
Dong-Won Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(5): 390. CrossRef
Effect of magnesium on the phase equilibria in magnesio-thermic reduction of Nb2O5
Kyunsuk Choi, Hanshin Choi, Hyunwoong Na, Il Sohn
Materials Letters.2016; 183: 151. CrossRef

[English]
Oxidation Study on the Fabrication of Fe-36Ni Oxide Powder from Its Scrap: Jung Yeul Yun, Man Ho Park, Sangsun Yang, Dong-Won Lee, Jei-Pil Wang; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):48-52.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.048

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Abstract PDF: A study of oxidation kinetic of Fe-36Ni alloy has been investigated using thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA) in an attempt to define the basic mechanism over a range of temperature of 400 to 1000°C and finally to fabricate its powder. The oxidation rate was increased with increasing temperature and oxidation behavior of the alloy followed a parabolic rate law at elevated temperature. Temperature dependence of the reaction rate was determined with Arrhenius-type equation and activation energy was calculated to be 106.49 kJ/mol. Based on the kinetic data and micro-structure examination, oxidation mechanism was revealed that iron ions and electrons might migrate outward along grain boundaries and oxygen anion diffused inward through a spinel structure, (Ni,Fe)_3O_4.

[Korean]
Fabrication of Fe-TiC Composite Powder by High-Energy Milling and Subsequent Reaction Synthesis: Ki-Bong Ahn, Byung-Hun Lee, Young-Hee Lee, Hyunh Xuan Khoa, Ji-Soon Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):53-59.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.053

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Fe-TiC composite powder was fabricated via two steps. The first step was a high-energy milling of FeO and carbon powders followed by heat treatment for reduction to obtain a (Fe+C) powder mixture. The optimal condition for high-energy milling was 500 rpm for 1h, which had been determined by a series of preliminary experiment. Reduction heat-treatment was carried out at 900°C for 1h in flowing argon gas atmosphere. Reduced powder mixture was investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Laser Particle Size Analyser (LPSA). The second step was a high-energy milling of (Fe+C) powder mixture and additional TiH_2 powder, and subsequent in-situ synthesis of TiC particulate in Fe matrix through a reaction of carbon and Ti. High-energy milling was carried out at 500 rpm for 1 h. Heat treatment for reaction synthesis was carried out at 1000sim1200°C for 1 h in flowing argon gas atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of the fabricated Fe-TiC composite powder showed that only TiC and Fe phases exist. Results from FE-SEM observation and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectros-copy (EDS) revealed that TiC phase exists uniformly dispersed in the Fe matrix in a form of particulate with a size of submicron.

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Plastic deformation and microstructural evolution during the shock consolidation of ultrafine copper powders
Dong-Hyun Ahn, Wooyeol Kim, Minju Kang, Lee Ju Park, Sunghak Lee, Hyoung Seop Kim
Materials Science and Engineering: A.2015; 625: 230. CrossRef
Spark Plasma Sintering of Fe-TiC Composite Powders
Yong-Heui Lee, Xuan-Khoa Hyunh, Ji Soon Kim
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(5): 382. CrossRef

[Korean]
Trend in Research and Development of Recovery of Valuable Metallic Powder from Wasted Batteries: Shun-Myung Shin, Sung-Ho Joo, Dong-Won Lee, Jung-Yeul Yun, Jei-Pil Wang; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(1):60-67.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.1.060

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A study on Zn recovery from other metals in the spent mixed batteries through a sequence of hydrometallurgical processes
Dong Ju Shin, Sung-Ho Joo, Chang-Hyun Oh, Jei-Pil Wang, Jin-Tae Park, Dong Joon Min, Shun Myung Shin
Environmental Technology.2019; 40(26): 3512. CrossRef
Development of Batch-Type Electric Furnace for Recovery of Valuable Materials from Spent Batteries
Shun Myung Shin, Dong Won Lee, Jung Yeul Yun, Byung Ho Jung, Jei Pil Wang
Applied Mechanics and Materials.2014; 607: 197. CrossRef

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