Grain-growth behavior in the 95Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃-5BaTiO₃ (mole fraction, NBT-5BT) system has been investigated with the addition of Na₂CO₃. When Na₂CO₃ is added to NBT-5BT, the growth rate is higher than desired and grains are already impinging each other during the initial stage of sintering. The grain size decreases as the sintering temperature increases. With the addition of Na₂CO₃, a liquid phase infiltrates the interfaces between grains during sintering. The interface structure can be changed to be more faceted and the interface migration rate can increase due to fast material transport through the liquid phase. As the sintering temperature increases, the impingement of abnormal grains increases because the number of abnormal grains increases. Therefore, the average grain size of abnormal grains can be decreased as the temperature increases. The phenomenon can provide evidence that grain coarsening in NBT-5BT with addition of Na₂CO₃ is governed by the growth of facet planes, which would occur via mixed control.

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