Journal of Powder Materials

Porous Bulk Material for High-melting Point Metal: Byong-Pil Lee, Myoung-Gyun Kim, Bong-Jae Choi, Young-Jig Kim, Seung-Keun Hyun; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):95-104.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.095

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Fabrication of Porous Titanium with Directional Pores for Biomedical Applications
Ji-Woon Lee, Ji-Sun Lee, Myoung-Gyun Kim, Soong-Keun Hyun
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS.2013; 54(2): 137. CrossRef
Fabrication of Gradient Porous Al-Cu Sintered Body
Jong-Min Byun, Se-Hoon Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Young-Moon Kim, Young-Do Kim
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2011; 18(4): 365. CrossRef

Fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based Alloy Nano Powder by Pulsed Wire Evaporation in Liquid: Part I. Effect of Wire Diameter and Applied Voltage: Ho-Jin Ryu, Yong-Heui Lee, Kwang-Ug Son, Young-Min Kong, Jin-Chun Kim, Byoung-Kee Kim, Jung-Yeul Yun; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):105-111.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.105

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This study investigated the effect of wire diameter and applied voltage on the fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based alloy nano powders by employing the PWE (pulsed wire evaporation) in liquid, for high temperature oxidation-resistant metallic porous body for high temperature particulate matter (or soot) filter system. Three different diameter (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm) of alloy wire and various applied voltages from 0.5 to 3.0 kV were main variables in PWE process, while X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the characteristics of the Fe-Cr-Al nano powders. It was controlled the number of explosion events, since evaporated and condensed nano-particles were coalesced to micron-sized secondary particles, when exceeded to the specific number of explosion events, which were not suitable for metallic porous body preparation. As the diameter of alloy wire increased, the voltage for electrical explosion increased and the size of primary particle decreased.

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Fabrication of Fe3O4/Fe/Graphene nanocomposite powder by Electrical Wire Explosion in Liquid Media and its Electrochemical Properties
Yoo-Young Kim, Ji-Seub Choi, Hoi-Jin Lee, Kwon-Koo Cho
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2017; 24(4): 308. CrossRef
Effect of Cell Size on the High Temperature Oxidation Properties of Fe-Cr-Al Powder Porous Metal Manufactured by Electro-spray Process
Jae-Sung Oh, Young-Min Kong, Byoung-Kee Kim, Kee-Ahn Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(1): 55. CrossRef
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the High Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cr-Al Powder Porous Metal Manufactured by Electrospray Process
Jae-Sung Oh, Young-Min Kong, Byoung-Kee Kim, Kee-Ahn Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2012; 19(6): 435. CrossRef

Fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based Alloy Nano Powder by Pulsed Wire Evaporation in Liquid: Part 2. Effect of Solvent and Comparison of Fabricated Powder owing to Fabrication Method: Ho-Jin Ryu, Yong-Heui Lee, Kwang-Ug Son, Young-Min Kong, Jin-Chun Kim, Byoung-Kee Kim, Jung-Yeul Yun; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):112-121.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.112

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This study investigated the effect of solvent on the fabrication of Ni-free Fe-based alloy nano powders by employing the PWE (pulsed wire evaporation) in liquid and compared the alloy particles fabricated by three different methods (PWE in liquid, PWE in Ar, plasma arc discharge), for high temperature oxidation-resistant metallic porous body for high temperature soot filter system. Three different solvents (ethanol, acetone, distilled water) of liquid were adapted in PWE in liquid process, while X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the characteristics of the Fe-Cr-Al nano powders. The alloy powder synthesized by PWE in ethanol has good particle size and no surface oxidation compared to that of distilled water. Since the Fe-based alloy powders, which were fabricated by PWE in Ar and PAD process, showed surface oxidation by TEM analysis, the PWE in ethanol is the best way to fabricate Fe-based alloy nano powder.

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Effect of Cell Size on the High Temperature Oxidation Properties of Fe-Cr-Al Powder Porous Metal Manufactured by Electro-spray Process
Jae-Sung Oh, Young-Min Kong, Byoung-Kee Kim, Kee-Ahn Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(1): 55. CrossRef

High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Ni based Porous Metal: Sung-Hwan Choi, Jung-Yeul Yun, Hye-Mun Lee, Young-Min Kong, Byoung-Kee Kim, Kee-Ahn Lee; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):122-128.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.122

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This study investigated the high temperature oxidation behavior of Ni-22.4%Fe-22%Cr-6%Al (wt.%) porous metal. Two types of open porous metals with different pore sizes of 30 PPI and 40 PPI (pore per inch) were used. A 24-hour TGA test was conducted at three different temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C. The results of the BET analysis revealed that the specific surface area increased as the pore size decreased from 30 PPI to 40 PPI. The oxidation resistance of porous metal decreased with decreasing pore size. As the temperature increased, the oxidation weight gain of the porous metal also increased. Porous metals mainly created oxides such as Al_2O_3, Cr_2O_3, NiAl_2O_4, and NiCr_2O_4. In the 40 PPI porous metal with small pore size and larger specific surface area, the depletion of stabilizing elements such as Al and Cr occurred more quickly during oxidation compared to the 30 PPI porous metal. Ni-Fe-Cr-Al porous metal's high-temperature oxidation micro-mechanism was also discussed.

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Effect of Strut Thickness on Room and High Temperature Compressive Properties of Block-Type Ni-Cr-Al Powder Porous Metals
B.-H. Kang, M.-H. Park, K.-A. Lee
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2017; 62(2): 1329. CrossRef
Fabrication of metallic alloy powder (Ni3Fe) from Fe–77Ni scrap
Inseok Seo, Shun-Myung Shin, Sang-An Ha, Jei-Pil Wang
Journal of Alloys and Compounds.2016; 670: 356. CrossRef
Preparation of oxide powder by continuous oxidation process from recycled Fe-77Ni alloy scrap
J Y Yun, D H Park, G J Jung, J P Wang
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.2015; 103: 012026. CrossRef
Reduction of High Nickel-Based Oxide Particles Using Hydrogen Gas
Sung Ho Joo, Shun Myung Shin, Dong Ju Shin, Jei Pil Wang
Applied Mechanics and Materials.2015; 778: 148. CrossRef
Fabrication of oxide powder from Fe–46Ni alloy scrap
J.-Y. Yun, D.-W. Lee, S.-M. Shin, J.-P. Wang
Materials Research Innovations.2015; 19(sup5): S5-415. CrossRef
Evaluation of Creep Reliability of Powder Metallurgy and Cast-type Ni-based Superalloy by Using Ultrasonic Wave
Chan-Yang Choi, Jin-Hun Song, Se-Ung Oh, Chung-Seok Kim, Sook-In Kwun, Sung-Tag Oh, Chang-Yong Hyun, Jai-Won Byeon
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2012; 19(3): 215. CrossRef
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the High Temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cr-Al Powder Porous Metal Manufactured by Electrospray Process
Jae-Sung Oh, Young-Min Kong, Byoung-Kee Kim, Kee-Ahn Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2012; 19(6): 435. CrossRef

Fabrication of Macroporous Carbon Foam with Uniform Pore Size Using Poly(methyl methacrylate) Particles As The Template: Jin-Sil Kim, Young-Mok Rhym, Sang-Eun Shim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):129-134.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.129

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Abstract PDF: Herein, macroporous carbon materials were readily prepared by carbonization of cured body of resorcinol and formaldehyde using poly(methyl methacrylate) colloid microspheres which were employed as the template in the gelation of resorcinol with formaldehyde. The gel in the water was solvent exchanged with methanol and the wet gel was dried. After carbonization of the template-gel composite at 800°C, it was found that pores were left corresponding to the size of the template, yielding carbon materials with a fine porous structure with enlarged surface area and significant porosity. Properties of the carbon foams including the structure, morphology, thermal stability, and porosity were investigated. Finally, it was concluded that the method using polymer colloids as the template provided a facile route to prepare carbon foams.

Development of Heat Shielding Part for RFID Tag using Porous Aluminum Alloy: Jae-Oh Bang, Hyo-Soo Lee, Taek-Kyun Jung, Min-Ha Lee, Bum-Sung Kim, Seung-Boo Jung; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):135-140.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.135

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The RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. Some RFID tags have been used in severe environment of temperature ranged from 200°C to 250°C for a long time and may cause serious problems such as signal error, short life cycle and explosion. Conventionally, the RFID tags for high temperature applications consisted of Fe-alloy housing part, ceramic powder and RFID sensor. However, it has disadvantage of heavy weight, signal noise and heat shield capability. In this study, we newly applied the aluminum porous materials fabricated by polymer leaching process into RFID tags in order to improve heat shielding ability, and compared the properties of RFID tag inserted by aluminum porous with the conventional one.

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Development of Vacuum Thin-Film-Forming Mold using Porous Aluminum
Hyung-Sun Kang, Sunghyun Lee
Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers.2020; 29(6): 435. CrossRef

A Study on the Applicability of Carbon Mold for Precision Casting of High Melting Point Metal: Chang-Wook Ji, Eun-Ju Yi, Yang-Do Kim, Young-Mok Rhyim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):141-148.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.141

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Carbon material shows relatively high strength at high temperature in vacuum atmosphere and can be easily removed as CO or CO_2 gas in oxidation atmosphere. Using these characteristics, we have investigated the applicability of carbon mold for precision casting of high melting point metal such as nickel. Disc shape carbon mold with cylindrical pores was prepared and Ni-base super alloy (CM247LC) was used as casting material. The effects of electroless Nickel plating on wettability and cast parameters such as temperature and pressure on castability were investigated. Furthermore, the proper condition for removal of carbon mold by evaporation in oxidation atmosphere was also examined. The SEM observation of the interface between carbon mold and casting materials (CM247LC), which was infiltrated at temperature up to 1600°C, revealed that there was no particular product at the interface. Carbon mold was effectively eliminated by exposure in oxygen rich atmosphere at 705°C for 3 hours and oxidation of casting materials was restrained during raising and lowering the temperature by using inert gas. It means that the carbon can be applicable to precision casting as mold material.

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Pore Structure and Characteristics of Hollow Spherical Carbon Foam According to Carbonization Temperature and Re-immersion Treatment
은주 이, 영목 임, 창우 이, 양도 김
Korean Journal of Materials Research.2013; 23(1): 24~30. CrossRef

Phase Transformation of Ti-Ni-Zr Icosahedral Phase and Fabrication of Porous Ti and W Compacts using Electro-Discharge Sintering: J.Y. Cho, G.A. Song, M.H. Lee, H.S. Lee, W.H. Lee, K.B. Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):149-158.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.149

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Abstract PDF: Electro-Discharge Sintering (EDS) employs a high-voltage/high-current-density pulse of electrical energy, discharged from a capacitor bank, to instantaneously consolidate powders. In the present study, a single pulse of 0.57-1.1 kJ/0.45 g-atomized spherical Ti_52Zr_28Ni_20 powders in size range of 10~30 and 30sim50µm consisting of beta-(Ti, Zr) and icosahedral phases were applied to examine the structural evolution of icosahedral phase during EDS. Structural investigation reveals that high electrical input energy facilitates complete decomposition of icosahedral phase into C14 laves and beta-(Ti, Zr) phases. Moreover, critical input energy inducing decomposition of the icosahedral phase during EDS depends on the size of the powder. Porous Ti and W compacts have been fabricated by EDS using rectangular and spherical powders upon various input energy at a constant capacitance of 450µF in order to verify influence of powder shape on microstructure of porous compacts. Besides, generated heat (DeltaH) during EDS, which is measured by an oscilloscope, is closely correlated with powder size.

The Effects of Sulfate Formation and Mg Addition on the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_x with CH₄ on Ag/Al₂O₃ Catalysts: Hee-Lack Choi, Chang-Yong Yu, Heon-Phil Ha; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):159-167.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.159

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Abstract PDF: The influence of sulfate on the selective catalytic reduction of NO_x on the Ag/Al_2O_3 catalyst was studied when CH_4 was used as a reducing agent. Various preparation methods influenced differently on the deNO_x activity. Among the methods, cogelation precipitation gave best activity. When sulfates were formed on the surfaces of samples prepared by impregnated and deposition precipitation, deNO_x activity was enhanced as long as suitable forming condition is satisfied. The major sulfate formed in Ag/Al_2O_3 catalyst was the aluminum sulfate and it seems that this sulfate acted as a promoter. When Mg was added to the Ag/Al_2O_3 catalyst it promoted deNO_x activity at high temperature. Intentionally added sulfate also enhanced deNO_x activity, when their amount was confined less than 3 wt%.

Grain Growth and Texture Evolution of Mg: Phase Field Modeling: Dong-Uk Kim, Pil-Ryung Cha; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):168-171.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.168

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Abstract PDF: We investigate grain growth behavior of poly-crystalline Mg sheet having strong basal fiber texture using phase field model for grain growth and micro-elasticity. Strong initial basal texture was maintained when external load was not imposed, but was weaken when external biaxial strain was imposed. Elastic interaction between elastic anisotropy of Mg grain and external load is the reason why texture evolution occurs.

3D Computer Modeling on Phase Separated Porous Structure: Dong-Uk Kim, Ji-Young Byun, Pil-Ryung Cha; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):172-175.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.172

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We developed a 3D simulation model of microstructure evolution of vertically aligned porous structure due to phase separation during film growth. The model proves its validity by reproducing the results of previous researches which are topological features of the microstructures and effects of varied processing parameters. The model will be extended by including bulk diffusion effect and elastic effect.

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Review of “Integrated Computer-Aided Process Engineering Session in the International Symposium on Innovation in Materials Processing (ISIMP, 26–29 October 2021)”
Hyunjoo Choi, Jungjoon Kim, Pil-Ryung Cha, Hyoung Seop Kim
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS.2023; 64(10): 2542. CrossRef

Influence of Processing Conditions on PVDF Properties: S.M. Lebedev, O.S. Gefle, M.V. Semenikhin; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):176-180.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.176

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Abstract PDF: Study of the main properties of PVDF films produced by two processing technologies such as hot pressing from a melt or solution casting was the aim of this paper. All samples were prepared of as-received PVDF powder. First group of samples was prepared by the hot pressing. Second group of samples was prepared by the solution casting method. PVDF powder was dissolved in dimethylformamide. To characterize properties of samples, different experimental methods such as FRA (dielectric spectroscopy), IR-spectroscopy and DSC/TGA analysis were used in this work. It was found that IR-spectra of both studied groups do not change compared to that for virgin PVDF powder. It confirms that molecular structure is practically independent on the processing technology of samples. The only difference has been found that new band centered at 1723;cm-1 appears for samples prepared by the hot pressing method. This absorption band is related with formation of C=C bonds in samples prepared by the hot pressing method in contrast both to PVDF powder and samples prepared by the solution casting method.

Metal-Polymer Composites and their Characterization: S.M. Lebedev, O.S. Gefle, M.V. Semenikhin; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):181-187.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.181

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PVDF was used as a polymeric matrix material in this work. Nickel powders with average particles size of 200 nm or 72 nm were used as fillers. PVDF/metal submicro- and nanocomposites were prepared by means of a mixing in twin screw extruder and planetary ball mill, respectively. All samples were prepared by hot pressing method. Their electrical, thermal and morphological properties were examined by dielectric spectroscopy, DSC, FTIR, XRD, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that all properties of composites were strongly modified depending on the content of metal powders and filler particles size. Particularly, specific volume resistivity of PVDF/Ni composite with 0.2 wt.% of Ni was increased by factor of 1.5~4.

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PCL‐CNT nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding and evaluation of their basic properties
Sergey M. Lebedev
Polymer Composites.2020; 41(5): 1830. CrossRef
Biodegradable Electrically Conductive Polycaprolacton-Based Composites Filled with Carbon Nanotubes
S. M. Lebedev, E. T. Amitov, E. A. Mikutskiy
Russian Physics Journal.2020; 62(10): 1753. CrossRef
Piezoelectric characteristics of electrospun PVDF as a function of phase-separation temperature and metal salt content
Gajula Prasad, Ponnan Sathiyanathan, Arun Anand Prabu, Kap Jin Kim
Macromolecular Research.2017; 25(10): 981. CrossRef

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nano-sized Ti-35%Nb-7%Zr-10%CPP Composite Fabricated by Pulse Current Activated Sintering: Kee-Do Woo, Duck-Soo Kang, Sang-Hyuk Kim, Sang-Hoon Park, Ji-Young Kim, Hye-Rim Ko; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):188-195.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.188

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The aim of this study was to investigate microstructures and mechanical properties of nano-sized Ti-35 wt.%Nb-7 wt.%Zr-10 wt.%CPP composite fabricated by high energy mechanical milling (HEMM) and pulse current activated sintering (PCAS). Grain growth of the mechanically milled powder was prevented by performing PCAS. The principal advantages of calcium phosphate materials include: similarity in composition to the bone mineral, bioactivity, osteoconductivity and ability to form a uniquely strong interface with bone. The hardness and wear resistance property of nano-sized Ti-35 wt.%Nb-7 wt.%Zr-10 wt.%CPP composites increased with increasing milling time because of decreased grain-size of sintered composites.

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-XCPP Biomaterials Fabricated by Rapid Sintering
기도 우, 상훈 박, 지영 김, 상미 김, 민호 이
Korean Journal of Materials Research.2012; 22(3): 150~154. CrossRef

Research and Development Status of Low-Cost Fe-based Cathode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries: Hyun-Seon Hong, Young-Dae Ko, Lee-Seung Kang, Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):196-203.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.196

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Study of storage mechanism and the electrochemical performance of LiMnBO 3 for lithium‐ion batteries
Othmane Mennaoui, Rachid Masrour, Abderrahim Jabar, El Kebir Hlil
International Journal of Energy Research.2022; 46(14): 19875. CrossRef
Solvent Extraction of Co, Ni and Mn from NCM Sulfate Leaching Solution of Li(NCM)O2 Secondary Battery Scraps
Hyun Seon Hong, Dae Weon Kim, Hee Lack Choi, Sung-Soo Ryu
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2017; 62(2): 1011. CrossRef
Synthesis and characterization of LiMnBO3 cathode material for lithium ion batteries
Kun-Jae Lee, Lee-Seung Kang, Sunghyun Uhm, Jae Sik Yoon, Dong-Wan Kim, Hyun Seon Hong
Current Applied Physics.2013; 13(7): 1440. CrossRef

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