This study aims to prepare a colloidal silica-containing powder to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of rivaroxaban using a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). We investigate the impact of colloidal silica on a nanoemulsion system for preparing powdered SNEDDS. The liquid SNEDDS comprises 30/20/50 (w/w/w) Peceol/ Cremophor RH40/Tween 80, which results in the formation of the smallest droplets. Three powdered SNEDDS formulations are prepared by suspending the liquid SNEDDS formulation using colloidal silica and spray drying. The powdered SNEDDS prepared with liquid SNEDDS and colloidal silica at a ratio of 1/0.5 (w/w) exhibits the highest water solubility (0.94 ± 0.62 vs. 26.70 ± 1.81 μg/mL) and dissolution rate (38.4 ± 3.6 vs. 85.5 ± 3.4%, 45 min) when compared to the drug alone. Morphologically, the liquid SNEDDS is adsorbed onto colloidal silica and forms smaller particles. In conclusion, an SNEDDS containing rivaroxaban, prepared using colloidal silica, facilitates the creation of a nanoemulsion and enhances the water solubility of rivaroxaban. Accordingly, this technology holds significant potential for commercialization.

The objective of this study is to assess the impact of spray drying conditions on medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) loading, solubility, and release of an MCT-loaded solid self-emulsifying system in a water-insoluble oily substance. MCT-loaded solid self-emulsifying systems are prepared by spray drying with SDS and calcium silicate. The effects of inlet temperature (60, 80, or 100°C) and feed solution composition (0, 10, 50, 90, or 100% ethanol) on physicochemical properties of MCT-loaded solid self-emulsifying systems are studied. The inlet temperature significantly affects the water solubility of MCT. Moreover, the feed solution composition significantly affects water solubility, release rate, and MCT loading. The MCT-loaded solid self-emulsifying system obtained at 60°C using 90% ethanol feed solution shows the best physicochemical properties among the synthesized products and exhibits better water solubility (4.43 ± 0.44 vs. 0 μg/mL) and release (94.4 ± 1.6 vs. 32.8 ± 7.4%, 60 min) than a commercial product. Furthermore, the MCT-loaded solid self-emulsifying system shows an excellent emulsion droplet size (approximately 230 nm).

Most commercially available detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) require further processing to qualify for use in biomedical applications, as they often contain many impurities and exhibit poor dispersibility in aqueous media. In this work, DNDs are modified to improve purity and impart a high colloidal stability to the particles. The dispersive and adsorption properties of modified DNDs are evaluated in terms of the suitability of DNDs as carriers for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in transdermal delivery. The study of adsorption on strongly positively and strongly negatively charged DNDs showed their high loading capacity for NSAIDs, and a pronounced relationship between the drugs and the particles’ charges. Experiments on long-term desorption carried out with DND/NSAID complexes indicate that the nanoparticles exert a sustained effect on the drug release process.

In this study, the control of microstructure for increasing surface roughness of Al with an electro-chemical reaction and a post treatment is systematically investigated. The Al specimen is electro-chemically treated in an electrolyte. In condition of the post treatment at 100°C for 10 min, a change of the surface microstructure occur at 50V (5 min), and a oxidized layer is at 400V, to which lead a decreasing surface roughness. The minimum temperature of the post treatment for a change of microstructure is 80°C. Moreover, in the condition of 300V (5 min), the electro-chemical reaction is followed by the post treatment at 100°C, the critical enduring time for the change of microstructure is 3 min. The longer post treatment time leads to the rougher surface. The treated Al specimen demonstrate better heat release ability owing to the higher surface roughness than the non-treated Al.

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